{"id":4699,"date":"2017-09-05T15:56:47","date_gmt":"2017-09-05T15:56:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/gamla.truflun.net\/arngrimurv\/?p=4699"},"modified":"2019-01-01T13:37:19","modified_gmt":"2019-01-01T13:37:19","slug":"blackface-i-jungle-book","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/truflun.net\/arngrimurv\/2017\/09\/05\/blackface-i-jungle-book\/","title":{"rendered":"Blackface \u00ed Jungle Book?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Sumt er svo auglj\u00f3st a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 er \u00f3m\u00f6gulegt anna\u00f0 en a\u00f0 fullt af f\u00f3lki hafi komi\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 til hugar \u00e1 undan manni sj\u00e1lfum. \u00dea\u00f0 vill \u00fe\u00f3 \u00f3neitanlega fl\u00e6kja m\u00e1lin a\u00f0 sumt sem vir\u00f0ist auglj\u00f3st er alls ekki r\u00e9tt, e\u00f0a \u00ed besta falli umdeilanlegt. \u00deannig kom m\u00e9r \u00ed hug fyrir nokkru, \u00feegar \u00e9g rifja\u00f0i upp \u00fea\u00f0 sem a\u00f0 m\u00ednu mati er besta kvikmyndaatri\u00f0i allra t\u00edma, a\u00f0 \u00e1byggilega v\u00e6ri til fullt af f\u00f3lki sem vildi t\u00falka \u00fea\u00f0 \u00e1 versta veg. Atri\u00f0i\u00f0 sem um r\u00e6\u00f0ir er s\u00f6ngatri\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00ed h\u00f6ll apak\u00f3ngsins \u00ed Jungle Book, n\u00e1nar tilteki\u00f0 \u00feegar bangsinn Bal\u00fa \u00e6\u00f0ir inn \u00ed apadulargervi til a\u00f0 bjarga M\u00f3gl\u00ed. Tengingin er s\u00fa a\u00f0 apar eru auglj\u00f3slega sta\u00f0gengill svartra \u00ed d\u00fdraheiminum eins og d\u00e6min sanna, og \u00feegar bjarnd\u00fdr setur upp apagr\u00edmu \u00far k\u00f3koshnetu hl\u00fdtur \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 vera t\u00e1knr\u00e6nt blackface.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/9JDzlhW3XTM?rel=0\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Og viti menn: au\u00f0vita\u00f0 fann \u00e9g snarlega <a href=\"https:\/\/pages.stolaf.edu\/americanmusic\/2015\/04\/27\/walt-minstry-jungle-books-blackface-performance\/\" target=\"_blank\">greinarkorn um n\u00e1kv\u00e6mlega \u00feetta<\/a>. Greiningin hangir raunar \u00e1 einni forsendu: \u201eWhile the animation of monkeys would clearly not be racist, specifically representing those monkeys as African American puts the innocence of intentions a little more into question.\u201c Apar eru semsagt ekki nau\u00f0synlega svartir, en \u00feessir apar eru l\u00e1tnir l\u00edkja eftir talsh\u00e6tti og menningu svartra \u00ed Bandar\u00edkjum \u00feess t\u00edma (1967). En hvernig stenst greiningin forsenduna?<\/p>\n<p>H\u00f6ldum \u00e1fram \u00e1 braut hins auglj\u00f3sa: Apak\u00f3ngurinn heitir Louie, eins og fr\u00e6gur svartur t\u00f3nlistarma\u00f0ur, getur beitt h\u00f6ndunum eins og trompet, sem er einkennishlj\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e6ri sama t\u00f3nlistarmanns, og ennfremur haf\u00f0i s\u00fa hugmynd komi\u00f0 upp a\u00f0 sj\u00e1lfur Louis Armstrong yr\u00f0i be\u00f0inn um a\u00f0 talsetja apak\u00f3nginn. \u00dea\u00f0 var \u00fe\u00f3 flj\u00f3tlega slegi\u00f0 \u00fat af bor\u00f0inu af \u00f3tta vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 yr\u00f0i gagnr\u00fdnt a\u00f0 svartur ma\u00f0ur yr\u00f0i l\u00e1tinn leika apa. \u00cd hans sta\u00f0 ger\u00f0ist hinn skjannahv\u00edti, \u00edtalsk\u00e6tta\u00f0i s\u00f6ngvari Louis Prima apak\u00f3ngur \u00ed \u00fe\u00e1gu barnamenningar. Apinn h\u00e9lt nafninu \u00ed hvoru tilvikinu sem var en hann er teikna\u00f0ur \u00ed l\u00edking Prima. Prima var engu s\u00ed\u00f0ri trompetleikari og djassgeggjari en Armstrong, b\u00e1\u00f0ir voru \u00feeir fr\u00e1 New Orleans og Prima meira a\u00f0 segja s\u00f3tti ein s\u00edn fyrstu t\u00f3nlistar\u00e1hrif til Armstrong. T\u00f3nlistin \u00ed h\u00f6ll apak\u00f3ngsins endurspeglar me\u00f0 \u00f6\u00f0rum or\u00f0um s\u00f6mu menningu hvort sem hann sj\u00e1lfur er svartur e\u00f0a hv\u00edtur. En \u00fea\u00f0 var\u00f0 ofan \u00e1 a\u00f0 apinn er hv\u00edtur.<\/p>\n<p>Greinarh\u00f6fundur gerir s\u00e9r raunar mat \u00far \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 Louie apak\u00f3ngur s\u00e9 talsettur af hv\u00edtum manni, \u00fev\u00ed \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 eitt a\u00f0 setja \u00e1 svi\u00f0 sl\u00edkar kyn\u00fe\u00e1ttabundnar sta\u00f0almyndir en jafnvel enn verra s\u00e9 a\u00f0 l\u00e1ta \u00fe\u00e1 hv\u00edtan mann talsetja \u00fe\u00e6r. \u00dea\u00f0 er gilt sj\u00f3narmi\u00f0, en \u00fea\u00f0 er \u00fe\u00e1 og \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0eins gilt a\u00f0 sta\u00f0almyndin s\u00e9 til sta\u00f0ar.<\/p>\n<p>\u00der\u00edr a\u00f0rir apar eiga s\u00e9r r\u00f6dd \u00ed myndinni og allir koma \u00feeir fyrir \u00ed sama atri\u00f0i. \u00deeir voru annars vegar talsettir af f\u00e9l\u00f6gunum Pete Henderson og Bill Skiles, sem b\u00e1\u00f0ir voru hv\u00edtir, og svo af Hal Smith sem einnig talsetur einn f\u00edlinn \u00ed myndinni, en hann var s\u00f6mulei\u00f0is hv\u00edtur. \u00dea\u00f0 er \u00fev\u00ed ekki einn svartur leikari \u00ed hlutverki apa \u00ed myndinni (\u00e1 \u00feeim t\u00edma hef\u00f0i Disney semsagt veri\u00f0 gagnr\u00fdnt fyrir \u00fea\u00f0 sem \u00fea\u00f0 er n\u00fa gagnr\u00fdnt fyrir a\u00f0 hafa ekki gert, fyrst \u00fea\u00f0 \u00e1 anna\u00f0 bor\u00f0 ur\u00f0u a\u00f0 vera apar). Aparnir eru s\u00f6mulei\u00f0is flestir me\u00f0 s\u00f6mu George Harrison h\u00e1rgrei\u00f0sluna og falla almennt illa a\u00f0 karikat\u00far sem s\u00fdnir svarta \u00ed gervi apa (hr\u00e6gammarnir sem s\u00ed\u00f0ar koma eru me\u00f0 nokkurn veginn s\u00f6mu h\u00e1rgrei\u00f0slu, og \u00fea\u00f0 var \u00e6tlunin a\u00f0 sj\u00e1lfir B\u00edtlarnir talsettu \u00fe\u00e1). Swingdans \u00feeirra sem sl\u00edkur \u00e1 s\u00e9r vissulega r\u00e6tur \u00ed svartri menningu, en \u00e1 sj\u00f6unda \u00e1ratugnum endurspeglar hann ekkert frekar svarta menningu en hv\u00edta \u00fear sem \u00feessi dans var \u00e1ratugum \u00e1 undan or\u00f0inn almennur. \u00deessi tenging milli apanna \u00ed Jungle Book og svartra er \u00feannig ekki \u00fatiloku\u00f0, en h\u00fan er a\u00f0 minnsta kosti ekki auglj\u00f3s.<\/p>\n<p>Tengingin milli apa og svartra er samt svo auglj\u00f3s \u00ed vestr\u00e6nni menningu a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 er ekkert \u00f3e\u00f0lilegt \u00fe\u00f3tt f\u00f3lk \u00e1 \u00f6\u00f0rum \u00e1ratug 21. aldar hugsi strax um blackface \u00feegar \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9r Bal\u00fa dansandi og syngjandi eins og f\u00edfl \u00ed apab\u00faningi. \u00devert \u00e1 m\u00f3ti ber \u00fea\u00f0 vott um nau\u00f0synlega f\u00e6rni til menningarl\u00e6sis \u00ed heimi \u00fear sem kyn\u00fe\u00e1ttabundnar sta\u00f0almyndir eru oft l\u00famskar og fl\u00f3knar. En manni fyrirg\u00e6fist s\u00f6mulei\u00f0is fyrir a\u00f0 halda a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 hafi helst vaka\u00f0 fyrir Disney a\u00f0 f\u00e1 tengingu vi\u00f0 hinn \u00f3vi\u00f0jafnanlega Louisianadjass inn \u00ed myndina frekar en a\u00f0 ala \u00e1 sta\u00f0almyndum um svarta, gera \u00fe\u00e1 a\u00f0 \u00f6pum og ni\u00f0ra \u00fe\u00e1 svo me\u00f0 blackface. \u00dea\u00f0 \u00fearf a\u00f0 g\u00e6ta a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed s\u00f6mulei\u00f0is a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00f3tt Louie apak\u00f3ngur s\u00e9 valdasj\u00fakur og \u00feannig \u00e1 me\u00f0al neikv\u00e6\u00f0ari pers\u00f3na myndarinnar, \u00fe\u00e1 er hann ekki beint vondur heldur, og aparnir almennt eru ekki s\u00fdndir \u00ed neikv\u00e6\u00f0u lj\u00f3si. \u00deeir l\u00edkjast a\u00f0 m\u00f6rgu leyti M\u00f3gl\u00ed og Bal\u00fa sem helst hafa \u00fea\u00f0 l\u00edfsmarkmi\u00f0 a\u00f0 syngja og skemmta s\u00e9r, en \u00fea\u00f0 er valdagr\u00e6\u00f0gi k\u00f3ngsins sem gerir \u00feeim \u00f3v\u00e6rt a\u00f0 dvelja me\u00f0al \u00feeirra. H\u00e9r m\u00e6tti \u00e1 m\u00f3ti benda \u00e1 hina s\u00edgildu amer\u00edsku sta\u00f0almynd a\u00f0 svartir s\u00e9u h\u00fa\u00f0latir, en sami bj\u00f6rn og kl\u00e6\u00f0ist apab\u00faningi hefur sk\u00f6mmu \u00e1\u00f0ur sungi\u00f0 heilmikinn lofs\u00f6ng um gildi letinnar, svo innra samr\u00e6mi skortir ef \u00fea\u00f0 er tilfelli\u00f0.<\/p>\n<p>\u00deegar \u00f6llu er \u00e1 botninn hvolft er Louie apak\u00f3ngur valdapers\u00f3na innan fr\u00e1sagnarinnar. \u00dea\u00f0 er a\u00f0eins \u00ed st\u00e6rra samhengi, utan s\u00f6gunnar sj\u00e1lfrar, sem m\u00e1 l\u00edta \u00e1 hann sem undiroka\u00f0an; \u00fe\u00e1 ekki \u00ed d\u00fdraheiminum heldur gagnvart mannheimum. Hann vill a\u00f0 M\u00f3gl\u00ed gerist sinn Pr\u00f3me\u00feeifur og f\u00e6ri s\u00e9r eldinn a\u00f0 vopni, svo hann geti gert sig gildandi me\u00f0al manna, sta\u00f0i\u00f0 uppr\u00e9ttur, tala\u00f0 eins og \u00feeir. Um \u00fea\u00f0 sn\u00fdst allt t\u00f3nlistaratri\u00f0i\u00f0. \u00dea\u00f0 er \u00fearna sem greiningin s\u00e6kir allt sitt p\u00fa\u00f0ur: Aparnir eru eins og minni menn, ekki vi\u00f0urkenndir sem menn; aparnir endurspegla st\u00f6\u00f0u svartra. <\/p>\n<p>\u00deessi r\u00f6k eru \u00e1g\u00e6t en \u00fev\u00ed er \u00f3svara\u00f0 hvers vegna sama kvikmynd myndi draga upp mynd af f\u00e9lagslegri st\u00f6\u00f0u hins undiroka\u00f0a, vekja sam\u00fa\u00f0 me\u00f0 og gera l\u00edti\u00f0 \u00far honum um lei\u00f0. Hva\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1 um a\u00f0 okkur eigi a\u00f0 skiljast a\u00f0 api eigi ekkert erindi \u00ed mannheima, a\u00f0 l\u00f6ngun hans \u00ed eld s\u00e9 a\u00f0eins hybris, en hinn dulk\u00f3\u00f0a\u00f0i api merki \u00ed raun hinn svarta mann? \u00deetta er ekki \u00fatiloka\u00f0, en \u00fev\u00ed fer fjarri mi\u00f0a\u00f0 heimildir a\u00f0 \u00feetta hafi vaka\u00f0 fyrir \u00feeim sem ger\u00f0u myndina. En er \u00feetta upplifun f\u00f3lks af myndinni? Styrkir \u00feessi sena sta\u00f0almyndir sumra \u00e1horfenda um svarta? \u00dea\u00f0 g\u00e6ti vel veri\u00f0. Eftir sem \u00e1\u00f0ur er ekki mikill f\u00f3tur fyrir \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 t\u00falka senuna \u00feannig, \u00f3h\u00e1\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed hva\u00f0a menningarlegu sk\u00edrskotanir vi\u00f0 viljum heimf\u00e6ra upp \u00e1 hana, \u00fev\u00ed einu r\u00f6kin fyrir \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 aparnir s\u00e9u svartir er \u00ed raun s\u00fa sta\u00f0reynd a\u00f0 \u00feeir eru apar. \u00dea\u00f0 eru ekki g\u00f3\u00f0 r\u00f6k.<\/p>\n<p>Hugmyndin er me\u00f0 \u00f6\u00f0rum or\u00f0um ekki alveg galin en greiningin er jafnveik og forsendan. N\u00fa \u00e1 d\u00f6gum \u00feykir \u00ed \u00f6llum tilfellum afk\u00e1ralegt og ni\u00f0randi a\u00f0 kl\u00e6\u00f0ast dulargervi sem t\u00e1kna \u00e1 einhvern h\u00f3p sem ma\u00f0ur ekki tilheyrir, og a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed leyti m\u00e1 alveg hugsa s\u00e9r fimmt\u00edu \u00e1rum s\u00ed\u00f0ar a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 hafi ekki veri\u00f0 vo\u00f0a pc a\u00f0 s\u00fdna bj\u00f6rn \u00ed apab\u00faningi, s\u00edst af \u00f6llu \u00feegar Disney vissi fullvel a\u00f0 f\u00f3lk myndi tengja apa vi\u00f0 svarta. En ef \u00fea\u00f0 er ekkert sem bendir til a\u00f0 aparnir hafi \u00e1tt a\u00f0 endurspegla svarta \u00e1 nokkurn h\u00e1tt\u00a0\u2013 fremur, eins og allt vir\u00f0ist benda til, a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 hafi veri\u00f0 for\u00f0ast me\u00f0 \u00f6llum tilt\u00e6kum r\u00e1\u00f0um \u2013 er \u00fe\u00e1 h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 segja a\u00f0 Bal\u00fa \u00ed apagervi s\u00e9 blackface? Varla. \u00d3me\u00f0vita\u00f0, \u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir a\u00f0 Disney hafi g\u00e6tt s\u00edn vandlega \u00e1 a\u00f0 gerast ekki sek um n\u00e1kv\u00e6mlega \u00fea\u00f0 sem \u00feeim er n\u00fa n\u00fai\u00f0 um nasir fyrir? Kannski. En \u00ed \u00feessu tilviki er greining bygg\u00f0 \u00e1 auglj\u00f3sum forsendum heldur \u00feunn, \u00fev\u00ed hi\u00f0 auglj\u00f3sa er ekki alltaf eins auglj\u00f3st og ma\u00f0ur g\u00e6ti haldi\u00f0.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sumt er svo auglj\u00f3st a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 er \u00f3m\u00f6gulegt anna\u00f0 en a\u00f0 fullt af f\u00f3lki hafi komi\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 til hugar \u00e1 undan manni sj\u00e1lfum. \u00dea\u00f0 vill \u00fe\u00f3 \u00f3neitanlega fl\u00e6kja m\u00e1lin a\u00f0 sumt sem vir\u00f0ist auglj\u00f3st er alls ekki r\u00e9tt, e\u00f0a \u00ed besta falli umdeilanlegt. \u00deannig kom m\u00e9r \u00ed hug fyrir nokkru, \u00feegar \u00e9g rifja\u00f0i upp \u00fea\u00f0 &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/truflun.net\/arngrimurv\/2017\/09\/05\/blackface-i-jungle-book\/\" class=\"more-link\">Halda \u00e1fram a\u00f0 lesa: <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Blackface \u00ed Jungle Book?<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[36],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4699","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kvikmyndir"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/truflun.net\/arngrimurv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4699","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/truflun.net\/arngrimurv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/truflun.net\/arngrimurv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/truflun.net\/arngrimurv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/truflun.net\/arngrimurv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4699"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/truflun.net\/arngrimurv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4699\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13971,"href":"https:\/\/truflun.net\/arngrimurv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4699\/revisions\/13971"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/truflun.net\/arngrimurv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4699"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/truflun.net\/arngrimurv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4699"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/truflun.net\/arngrimurv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4699"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}