Egill svarar \u00ed\u00ad athugasemdsakerfinu f\u00e6rslu minni um \u00f6ryrkja me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed\u00ad a\u00f0 spyrja hva\u00f0 valdi hinni \u00f3skaplegu fj\u00f6lgun \u00feeirra og \u00ed\u0081g\u00fast Flygenring b\u00e6tir um betur me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed\u00ad a\u00f0 kalla \u00fea\u00f0 mikla blindu a\u00f0 loka augunum fyrir \u00fev\u00ed\u00ad a\u00f0 b\u00f3takerfi\u00f0 s\u00e9 misnota\u00f0.<\/p>\n
\u00deetta tekur reyndar ekki \u00e1 a\u00f0alatri\u00f0inu \u00ed\u00ad hinni upphaflegu gagnr\u00fdni minni, sem f\u00f3lst \u00ed\u00ad \u00fev\u00ed\u00ad a\u00f0 segja \u00fea\u00f0 \u00f3t\u00e6kt \u00feegar umr\u00e6\u00f0an um m\u00e1lefni \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e9lagsh\u00f3ps byggist \u00e1 almennum fl\u00f6kkus\u00f6gnum um \u00f3nafngreinda einstaklinga sem allir \u00feykjast vita af, en reynast oft ekki finnast \u00feegar betur er g\u00e1\u00f0.<\/p>\n
Hugsum okkur t.d. ef umr\u00e6\u00f0an um fj\u00f6lmi\u00f0lafrumvarpi\u00f0 hef\u00f0i veri\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00feessum n\u00f3tum – stu\u00f0ningsmenn fj\u00f6lmi\u00f0lafrumvarpsins hef\u00f0u m\u00e6tt \u00ed\u00ad spjall\u00fe\u00e6tti og \u00feusa\u00f0 um a\u00f0 „allir vissu af bla\u00f0am\u00f6nnum \u00e1 \u00f3tilgreindum fj\u00f6lmi\u00f0lum sem v\u00e6ru daginn \u00fat og inn a\u00f0 breyta fr\u00e9ttum, skr\u00f6kva og lj\u00faga til a\u00f0 s\u00e6tta eigendur s\u00ed\u00adna“. R\u00f6kin: „kunningi minn sag\u00f0i m\u00e9r fr\u00e1 bla\u00f0amanni sem aldrei semur neitt sj\u00e1lfur, heldur tekur vi\u00f0 fr\u00e9ttum fr\u00e1 fj\u00f6lmi\u00f0lafulltra eigendanna og kvittar nafni\u00f0 sitt undir gegn grei\u00f0slu“, hef\u00f0u ekki \u00fe\u00f3tt t\u00e6k.<\/p>\n
Dylgju- og fl\u00f6kkusagnast\u00ed\u00adllinn er \u00f3noth\u00e6fur \u00ed\u00ad m\u00e1lefnalegri umr\u00e6\u00f0u \u00fev\u00ed\u00ad hann gefur andst\u00e6\u00f0ingnum ekki f\u00e6ri \u00e1 a\u00f0 koma vi\u00f0 v\u00f6rnum. Umr\u00e6\u00f0a \u00e1 planinu: „\u00e9g \u00feekki fullt af li\u00f0i sem er a\u00f0 svindla \u00e1 kerfinu“ – „n\u00fa, \u00e9g \u00feekki ekki neinn sem \u00fea\u00f0 gerir“ – \u00e1 meira skylt vi\u00f0 skraf vi\u00f0 eldh\u00fasbor\u00f0i\u00f0 en vitr\u00e6nar umr\u00e6\u00f0ur.<\/p>\n
A\u00f0 m\u00ed\u00adnu mati eru umr\u00e6\u00f0an um fj\u00f6lgun \u00f6ryrkja annars vegar en svindl \u00ed\u00ad b\u00f3takerfinu hins vegar tv\u00f6 a\u00f0skilin m\u00e1l. \u00c1 \u00fev\u00ed\u00ad felst engin „blinda“ e\u00f0a „afneitun \u00e1 sta\u00f0reyndum“. \u00dea\u00f0 er engin \u00fevers\u00f6gn \u00ed\u00ad \u00fev\u00ed\u00ad f\u00f3lgin a\u00f0 telja almannatryggingakerfi\u00f0 virka en vi\u00f0urkenna \u00e1 sama t\u00ed\u00adma a\u00f0 flestir reyni a\u00f0 f\u00e1 sem mest \u00fat \u00far \u00fev\u00ed\u00ad. \u00deannig virkar t.d. einkarekna tryggingakerfi\u00f0. \u00deeir sem klessa b\u00ed\u00adlinn sinn e\u00f0a lenda \u00ed\u00ad innbroti reyna \u00ed\u00ad \u00fea\u00f0 minnsta sjaldnast a\u00f0 gera minna \u00far tj\u00f3ni s\u00ed\u00adnu en efni standa til. Teljum vi\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1 a\u00f0 \u00feetta tryggingakerfi s\u00e9 \u00f3n\u00fdtt og a\u00f0 \u00feeir sem \u00feiggja b\u00e6tur fr\u00e1 V\u00ed\u008dS og Sj\u00f3v\u00e1 s\u00e9u a\u00f0 r\u00fasta kerfinu? Ekki ver\u00f0 \u00e9g miki\u00f0 var vi\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1 umr\u00e6\u00f0u.<\/p>\n
Menn mega svo sem vera andvaka \u00e1 n\u00f3ttunni yfir \u00fev\u00ed\u00ad a\u00f0 \u00f6ryrkjum s\u00e9 a\u00f0 fj\u00f6lga e\u00f0a hafa \u00feungar \u00e1hyggjur af \u00feeim sem eru a\u00f0 svindla. En forsenda \u00feess a\u00f0 menn geti spyrt \u00feetta tvennt saman – a\u00f0 umfangsmiki\u00f0 svindl s\u00e9 veigamikil orsakask\u00fdring \u00e1 fj\u00f6lguninni er s\u00fa a\u00f0 menn telji a\u00f0 svikahrapparnir s\u00e9u ekki bara einn sk\u00farkur \u00fear og annar h\u00e9r, heldur hlaupi \u00feeir \u00e1 \u00fe\u00fasundum.<\/p>\n
Ef s\u00fa er raunin – a\u00f0 m\u00f6rg\u00fe\u00fasund manns s\u00e9u \u00e1 b\u00f3tum vegna leti, \u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir a\u00f0 vera fullkomlega vinnuf\u00e6rar – \u00fe\u00e1 \u00e6tti a\u00f0 vera au\u00f0velt a\u00f0 benda \u00e1 \u00feann h\u00f3p. \u00dea\u00f0 yr\u00f0i \u00fe\u00e1 ekki gert me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed\u00ad a\u00f0 draga fram s\u00f6gur um \u00f3nafngreinda n\u00e1granna e\u00f0a kunningja, heldur me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed\u00ad a\u00f0 benda \u00e1 \u00fe\u00e1 sj\u00fakd\u00f3msflokka sem sk\u00fdri \u00feetta \u00f3heyrilega svindl.<\/p>\n
Menn ver\u00f0a \u00fe\u00e1 a\u00f0 treysta s\u00e9r til a\u00f0 segja: 2 \u00fe\u00fasund manns eru \u00e1 \u00f6rorkub\u00f3tum vegna ge\u00f0sj\u00fakd\u00f3ma. Af \u00feeim hlj\u00f3ta 500 a\u00f0 vera a\u00f0 plata. 3 \u00fe\u00fasund eru \u00e1 b\u00f3tum vegna taugasj\u00fakd\u00f3ma. \u00deri\u00f0jungurinn hl\u00fdtur a\u00f0 vera a\u00f0 gera s\u00e9r upp veikindi. Blindir og sj\u00f3nskertir teljast vera \u00fe\u00fasund talsins. 400 \u00feeirra hlj\u00f3ta a\u00f0 sj\u00e1 andskotans n\u00f3g til a\u00f0 geta fengi\u00f0 s\u00e9r vinnu… (Ath. \u00feessar t\u00f6lur eru tilb\u00faningur.)<\/p>\n
Me\u00f0 \u00f6\u00f0rum or\u00f0um, EF \u00f3skapleg aukning \u00f6ryrkja sk\u00fdrist af verulegu leyti af svikahr\u00f6ppum \u00fe\u00e1 \u00e6tti a\u00f0 vera h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 sj\u00e1 hvar \u00feau svik eiga s\u00e9r sta\u00f0. \u00dea\u00f0 kallar hins vegar \u00e1 a\u00f0 menn setji sig inn \u00ed\u00ad m\u00e1lin og r\u00e6\u00f0i \u00feau vitr\u00e6nt \u00ed\u00ad sta\u00f0 \u00feess a\u00f0 halda sig \u00e1 dylgju- og fl\u00f6kkusagnaplaninu.<\/p>\n
Svo er anna\u00f0 m\u00e1l hvort fj\u00f6lgun \u00f6ryrkja s\u00e9 \u00ed\u00ad raun „\u00f3skapleg“ eins og Egill sta\u00f0h\u00e6fir? N\u00fa er \u00cdsland (\u00e1samt hinum Nor\u00f0url\u00f6ndunum) \u00ed\u00ad h\u00f3pi \u00feeirra landa \u00ed\u00ad heiminum sem hefur h\u00e6st atvinnuhlutfall, \u00fe.e. a\u00f0 h\u00e6rra hlutfall fullor\u00f0inna er \u00e1 vinnumarka\u00f0i h\u00e9r en gerist og gengur. \u00dea\u00f0 er n\u00fa ekki t\u00f6lfr\u00e6\u00f0i sem ma\u00f0ur myndi b\u00faast vi\u00f0 \u00ed\u00ad landi sem er a\u00f0 sligast af letihaugum sem hanga heima \u00e1 b\u00f3tum.<\/p>\n
Hva\u00f0 er e\u00f0lilegt hlutfall \u00f6ryrkja \u00ed\u00ad einu samf\u00e9lagi? Er \u00fea\u00f0 1%, 3% e\u00f0a 7%? Er kannski ekki til nein einf\u00f6ld regla heldur fari \u00fea\u00f0 eftir a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0um?<\/p>\n
A\u00f0 sumu leyti getur betra heilbrig\u00f0iskerfi leitt til fj\u00f6lgunar \u00f6ryrkja. Fyrir \u00ferj\u00e1t\u00ed\u00adu \u00e1rum var t.d. krabbamein dau\u00f0ad\u00f3mur og \u00e1v\u00ed\u00adsun \u00e1 stutt dau\u00f0astr\u00ed\u00ad\u00f0. \u00c1 dag l\u00e6knum vi\u00f0 fj\u00f6lda f\u00f3lks af krabbameini, en me\u00f0 \u00feeim aflei\u00f0ingum a\u00f0 fj\u00f6ldi f\u00f3lks lifir me\u00f0 skerta starfsorku.<\/p>\n
Sennilega er \u00fe\u00f3 st\u00e6rstur hluti aukningarinnar skr\u00e1ningarlegs e\u00f0lis. F\u00f3lk sem r\u00e9tt hefur \u00e1 \u00f6rorkumati s\u00e6kir \u00fea\u00f0 frekar n\u00fa en \u00e1\u00f0ur, t.d. vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00f6rorkumat hefur \u00e1hrif \u00e1 kostna\u00f0arhlut vegna lyfja. \u00dea\u00f0 er d\u00e6mi um a\u00f0 „sparna\u00f0ara\u00f0ger\u00f0“ \u00ed\u00ad heilbrig\u00f0iskerfinu lei\u00f0i til \u00fatgjalda \u00ed\u00ad b\u00f3takerfinu \u00ed\u00ad sta\u00f0inn.<\/p>\n
Aldurstengdar \u00f6rorkub\u00e6tur og fl\u00f3ki\u00f0 matskerfi sem gerir \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 verkum a\u00f0 talsver\u00f0an t\u00ed\u00adma tekur a\u00f0 komast inn \u00ed\u00ad kerfi\u00f0 (einnig tilraun til sparna\u00f0ar) gerir \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 verkum a\u00f0 f\u00f3lki er refsa\u00f0 fyrir a\u00f0 „harka af s\u00e9r“. \u00dea\u00f0 er skynsamlegra fyrir sj\u00faklinga a\u00f0 f\u00e1 strax \u00f6rorkumati\u00f0 – til a\u00f0 geta fari\u00f0 \u00e1 b\u00e6tur um lei\u00f0 og \u00feeir h\u00e6tta a\u00f0 geta unni\u00f0 \u00ed\u00ad sta\u00f0 \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00feurfa a\u00f0 h\u00e6tta a\u00f0 vinna af heilsufars\u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0um og fara \u00fe\u00e1 fyrst \u00ed\u00ad gegnum matsferli\u00f0 og vera jafnvel tekjulausir \u00ed\u00ad einhverja m\u00e1nu\u00f0i.<\/p>\n
\u00deess utan m\u00e1 ekki blanda saman fj\u00f6lda \u00feeirra sem hafa fengi\u00f0 \u00f6rorkumat og \u00fatgj\u00f6ldum r\u00ed\u00adkisins vegna \u00feessa.<\/p>\n
Grei\u00f0slur til \u00f6ryrkja eru einkum samansettar \u00far 4-5 \u00fe\u00e1ttum.<\/p>\n
i) Sj\u00e1lfar \u00f6rorkub\u00e6turnar, sem allir f\u00e1. Ef vi\u00f0 Egill Helgason myndum finna l\u00e6kni til a\u00f0 skrifa upp \u00e1 a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 v\u00e6rum \u00f6ryrkjar, t.d. vegna bakverkja sem erfitt er a\u00f0 afsanna, \u00fe\u00e1 fengjum vi\u00f0 \u00f6rorkub\u00e6tur sem eru kannski 15 \u00fe\u00fas. \u00e1 m\u00e1nu\u00f0i. \u00deetta er ekki \u00fea\u00f0 sem er a\u00f0 sliga \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0arb\u00fai\u00f0.<\/p>\n
ii) Tekjutrygging og tekjutryggingarauki b\u00e6tist vi\u00f0 hj\u00e1 \u00feeim sem hafa engar a\u00f0rar tekjur en \u00f6rkorkub\u00e6turnar. Tekjutryggingin sker\u00f0ist ekki lengur vegna tekna maka, en tekjutryggingaraukinn gerir \u00fea\u00f0 hins vegar. \u00deetta eru \u00e1l\u00ed\u00adka h\u00e1ar upph\u00e6\u00f0ir.<\/p>\n
iii) H\u00fasn\u00e6\u00f0isuppb\u00f3t f\u00e1 a\u00f0eins \u00feeir sem sem b\u00faa einir. Um lei\u00f0 og fleiri eru skr\u00e1\u00f0ir til heimilis \u00e1 sama sta\u00f0 fellur uppb\u00f3tin ni\u00f0ur. \u00dear skiptir ekki m\u00e1li hvort menn b\u00fai heima hj\u00e1 foreldri e\u00f0a leigi me\u00f0 vandalausum.<\/p>\n
iv) B\u00ed\u00adlastyrk f\u00e1 \u00feeir sem hafa l\u00e6knisvottor\u00f0 um a\u00f0 \u00feeir \u00feurfi b\u00ed\u00adl vegna f\u00f6tlunar sinnar. \u00dea\u00f0 er ekki nema hluti \u00f6ryrkja.<\/p>\n
Me\u00f0 \u00f6\u00f0rum or\u00f0um, \u00fe\u00e1 m\u00e1 segja a\u00f0 \u00feeir einu sem eru \u00ed\u00ad toppa\u00f0st\u00f6\u00f0u til a\u00f0 svindla \u00e1 kerfinu s\u00e9u einst\u00e6\u00f0ingar sem geta unni\u00f0 svarta vinnu \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 upp um \u00fe\u00e1 komist.<\/p>\n
Au\u00f0vita\u00f0 eru \u00feeir til, en til a\u00f0 \u00feessi h\u00f3pur geti sk\u00fdrt meinta of\u00feenslu \u00ed\u00ad \u00f6rorkub\u00f3takerfinu \u00feyrftu \u00feeir a\u00f0 hlaupa \u00e1 \u00fe\u00fasundum. Tr\u00fai \u00fev\u00ed\u00ad hver sem vill.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Egill svarar \u00ed\u00ad athugasemdsakerfinu f\u00e6rslu minni um \u00f6ryrkja me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed\u00ad a\u00f0 spyrja hva\u00f0 valdi hinni \u00f3skaplegu fj\u00f6lgun \u00feeirra og \u00ed\u0081g\u00fast Flygenring b\u00e6tir um betur me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed\u00ad a\u00f0 kalla \u00fea\u00f0 mikla blindu a\u00f0 loka augunum fyrir \u00fev\u00ed\u00ad a\u00f0 b\u00f3takerfi\u00f0 s\u00e9 misnota\u00f0. \u00deetta tekur reyndar ekki \u00e1 a\u00f0alatri\u00f0inu \u00ed\u00ad hinni upphaflegu gagnr\u00fdni minni, sem f\u00f3lst \u00ed\u00ad \u00fev\u00ed\u00ad … Halda \u00e1fram a\u00f0 lesa: Enn um \u00f6ryrkja<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1176","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/truflun.net\/stefan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1176","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/truflun.net\/stefan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/truflun.net\/stefan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/truflun.net\/stefan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/truflun.net\/stefan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1176"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/truflun.net\/stefan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1176\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/truflun.net\/stefan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1176"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/truflun.net\/stefan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1176"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/truflun.net\/stefan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1176"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}