{"id":4000,"date":"2010-10-06T11:57:58","date_gmt":"2010-10-06T11:57:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/kaninka.net\/stefan\/?p=4000"},"modified":"2010-10-06T11:57:58","modified_gmt":"2010-10-06T11:57:58","slug":"eignatilf%c3%a6rslan-mikla","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/truflun.net\/stefan\/2010\/10\/06\/eignatilf%c3%a6rslan-mikla\/","title":{"rendered":"Eignatilf\u00e6rslan mikla"},"content":{"rendered":"

Um daginn var \u00e9g a\u00f0 r\u00fdna \u00ed grei\u00f0sluse\u00f0ilinn af \u00edb\u00fa\u00f0al\u00e1ninu m\u00ednu og rak \u00fe\u00e1 augun \u00ed a\u00f0 l\u00e1ni\u00f0 haf\u00f0i l\u00e6kka\u00f0 vegna ver\u00f0hj\u00f6\u00f0nunar. Einhvern veginn haf\u00f0i ma\u00f0ur \u00edmynda\u00f0 s\u00e9r a\u00f0 ver\u00f0hj\u00f6\u00f0nun v\u00e6ri bara til \u00ed \u00e6vint\u00fdrunum – en vissulega getur \u00feessi sta\u00f0a komi\u00f0 upp og ver\u00f0tryggingin \u00fev\u00ed komi\u00f0 til l\u00e6kkunar l\u00e1na… \u00fe\u00f3tt \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 kl\u00e1rlega f\u00e1g\u00e6tt l\u00faxusvandam\u00e1l.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00cd tengslum vi\u00f0 \u00feetta hefur s\u00ed\u00f0unni borist a\u00f0send grein um ver\u00f0tryggingu til birtingar undir dulnefni. \u00c9g minnist \u00feess ekki a\u00f0 hafa \u00e1\u00f0ur birt sl\u00edkan gestapistil \u00e1 \u00feessu bloggi, en l\u00e1tum va\u00f0a:<\/em><\/p>\n

H\u00e9r ver\u00f0ur r\u00e6tt um eignatilf\u00e6rsluna sem ver\u00f0tryggingin hefur valdi\u00f0 \u00ed \u00edslensku samf\u00e9laginu. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

En fyrst er r\u00e9tt a\u00f0 skilgreina ver\u00f0tryggingu: <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Ver\u00f0tryggingin<\/span><\/em> er trygging l\u00e1nveitenda fyrir \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 l\u00e1n r\u00fdrni ekki. Ver\u00f0b\u00e6tur<\/em> eru \u00ed raun a\u00f0eins vextir sem vi\u00f0 borgum ekki, heldur l\u00e1nar bankinn okkur fyrir \u00feeim (g\u00f3\u00f0f\u00faslega) og h\u00e6kkar h\u00f6fu\u00f0st\u00f3llinn sem \u00fev\u00ed nemur. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Fyrstu vi\u00f0br\u00f6g\u00f0 se\u00f0labanka austan hafs og vestan vi\u00f0 fj\u00e1rm\u00e1lakr\u00edsunni voru a\u00f0 l\u00e6kka st\u00fdrivexti. En \u00e1 \u00cdslandi var \u00feessu \u00f6fugu fari\u00f0 \u2013 st\u00fdrivextirnir voru h\u00e6kka\u00f0ir. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00cd Noregi kom kreppan aldrei. \u00dear b\u00fdr f\u00f3lk vi\u00f0 sveigjanlega vexti \u00e1 \u00edb\u00fa\u00f0al\u00e1num s\u00ednum. Allt \u00ed einu h\u00f6f\u00f0u Nor\u00f0menn meiri peninga milli handanna, \u00fea\u00f0 h\u00e9lt \u00e1fram a\u00f0 borga ni\u00f0ur h\u00f6fu\u00f0st\u00f3linn en borga\u00f0i minna \u00ed vexti. Afganginn nota\u00f0i f\u00f3lk \u00ed hitt og \u00feetta. \u00dea\u00f0 gat m\u00e6tt samdr\u00e6tti \u00ed tekjum s\u00ednum e\u00f0a hreinlega eytt meiru. Ey\u00f0slan skila\u00f0i norska r\u00edkissj\u00f3\u00f0num frekari tekjum \u00ed formi neysluskatta. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c1 \u00cdslandi h\u00e6kka vextir, skattar h\u00e6kka, laun l\u00e6kka. F\u00f3lk \u00fearf \u00a0<\/span>a\u00f0 borga vexti, \u00fea\u00f0 f\u00e6r minni \u00fatborgu\u00f0 laun vegna h\u00e6kka\u00f0ra launaskatta og a\u00f0 lokum f\u00e6st minna fyrir peninginn vegna gr\u00ed\u00f0arlegra ver\u00f0h\u00e6kkana.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Se\u00f0labankar gegna yfirleitt tvenns konar hlutverki: A\u00f0 l\u00e1gmarka b\u00e6\u00f0i ver\u00f0b\u00f3lgu og atvinnuleysi. Misjafnt er eftir l\u00f6ndum og se\u00f0labankastj\u00f3rum hvor \u00fe\u00e1tturinn hefur meira v\u00e6gi. \u00cd Evr\u00f3pu hefur ver\u00f0b\u00f3lga veri\u00f0 l\u00edtil. \u00dear einbl\u00edna se\u00f0labankar \u00e1 a\u00f0 l\u00e1gmarka atvinnuleysi. \u00dea\u00f0 er gert me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 l\u00e6kka vexti svo atvinnul\u00edfi\u00f0 og heimili hafi a\u00f0gang a\u00f0 \u00f3d\u00fdru l\u00e1nsf\u00e9. \u00c1 hinn b\u00f3ginn vir\u00f0ist se\u00f0labankinn \u00e1 \u00cdslandi fyrst og fremst hafa \u00e1hyggjur af ver\u00f0b\u00f3lgunni og heldur uppi h\u00e1um v\u00f6xtum til a\u00f0 reyna n\u00e1 henni ni\u00f0ur. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

En hva\u00f0 er a\u00f0 gerast \u00e1 \u00cdslandi? V\u00f6rur hafa h\u00e6kka\u00f0 miki\u00f0 vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00cdsland er l\u00edti\u00f0 hagkerfi sem byggir allt sitt \u00e1 innflutningi, allir \u00fe\u00e6ttir atvinnul\u00edfsins eru st\u00f3rkostlega h\u00e1\u00f0ir innflutningi. Og \u00feegar kr\u00f3nan fellur um tugi pr\u00f3senta, h\u00e6kka b\u00e6\u00f0i innfluttar v\u00f6rur og innlendar. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00deetta er b\u00fai\u00f0 og gert. Er hugsun Se\u00f0labanka \u00cdslands s\u00fa a\u00f0 h\u00e1ir st\u00fdrivextir muni f\u00e6ra v\u00f6ruver\u00f0 aftur til ver\u00f0lags \u00e1rsins 2008? Nei, \u00fea\u00f0 var einfaldlega lei\u00f0r\u00e9tting \u00e1 of h\u00e1u gengi. Of h\u00e1ir st\u00fdrivextir til lengri t\u00edma gera ekkert anna\u00f0 en a\u00f0 draga allan \u00fer\u00f3tt \u00far atvinnul\u00edfinu. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Se\u00f0labankar horfa \u00e1 framlei\u00f0sluslaka (e. output gap<\/em>), sem er fr\u00e6\u00f0ilegur munur \u00e1 n\u00e1tt\u00farulegri framlei\u00f0slugetu hagkerfis og raun framlei\u00f0slu. Og reyna \u00feannig a\u00f0 \u00e1kve\u00f0a hvort vextir s\u00e9u h\u00e1ir e\u00f0a l\u00e1gir. Erfitt er a\u00f0 m\u00e6la framlei\u00f0sluslaka enda veit enginn almennilega hver hin sanna framlei\u00f0sla eigi a\u00f0 vera. En \u00feegar vi\u00f0 h\u00f6fum t\u00edunda hvern mann \u00e1n atvinnu, \u00fe\u00e1 vitum vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 h\u00f6fum t\u00f6luver\u00f0an slaka fr\u00e1 ,,hinu sanna\u201d \u00e1standi.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Vi\u00f0 hlj\u00f3tum \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 spyrja okkur af hverju vextir eru ekki l\u00e6gri en raun ber vitni? Svari\u00f0 er tv\u00ed\u00fe\u00e6tt. Gjaldmi\u00f0illinn er svo broth\u00e6ttur a\u00f0 borga \u00fearf fj\u00e1rmagnseigendum himinh\u00e1a vexti \u00ed \u00fe\u00f3knun svo \u00feeir yfirh\u00f6fu\u00f0 f\u00e1ist til \u00feess a\u00f0 eiga \u00edslenskar kr\u00f3nur. Og \u00fea\u00f0 er m\u00e6ld ver\u00f0b\u00f3lga sem segir se\u00f0labankanum a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 eigi a\u00f0 hafa h\u00e1a vexti (a\u00f0 minnsta kosti h\u00e6rri en m\u00e6lda ver\u00f0b\u00f3lgu).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

En hver er m\u00e6ld ver\u00f0b\u00f3lga?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Venjubundin hugsun um orsakir h\u00e1rrar ver\u00f0b\u00f3lgu felur \u00ed s\u00e9r \u00feenslu\u00e1stand. \u00de\u00e1 er hagkerfi\u00f0 fari\u00f0 a\u00f0 ofhitna og vi\u00f0 farin a\u00f0 f\u00e6ra okkur fr\u00e1 n\u00e1tt\u00farulegri framlei\u00f0slugetu yfir \u00ed \u00feanda framlei\u00f0slugetu. Me\u00f0 \u00f6\u00f0rum or\u00f0um: Vi\u00f0 vinnum of\u00a0 <\/span>miki\u00f0 og kaupum of miki\u00f0.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

En \u00fea\u00f0 er engin \u00feensla \u00e1 \u00cdslandi, heldur h\u00e6kkar ver\u00f0b\u00f3lgan \u00e1 \u00cdslandi vegna fj\u00f6lmargra \u00fe\u00e1tta: Innflutningsver\u00f0lag hefur h\u00e6kka\u00f0 miki\u00f0, sem hefur leitt til \u00feess a\u00f0 innfluttar v\u00f6rur eru d\u00fdrari og einnig \u00edslenskar v\u00f6rur vegna h\u00e6rra ver\u00f0lags a\u00f0fanga. R\u00edki\u00f0 er \u00fev\u00ed sem n\u00e6st gjald\u00ferota og hefur \u00e1kve\u00f0i\u00f0 a\u00f0 h\u00e6kka \u00fej\u00f3nustugj\u00f6ld og gjaldskr\u00e1r opinberra fyrirt\u00e6kja. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Munu h\u00e6rri st\u00fdrivextir sn\u00faa \u00feessari \u00fer\u00f3un vi\u00f0? Munu sm\u00e1salar l\u00e6kka v\u00f6rur s\u00ednar ni\u00f0ur \u00ed fyrra horf. Munum vi\u00f0 sj\u00e1 Orkuveituna l\u00e6kka aftur gjaldskr\u00e1 s\u00edna? Svari\u00f0 er au\u00f0vita\u00f0 nei. H\u00e6rri vextir munu ekkert breyta \u00fev\u00ed sem komi\u00f0 er. V\u00f6ruver\u00f0 mun ekkert l\u00e6kka til fyrra horfs. Vi\u00f0 sitjum \u00feess vegna uppi me\u00f0 tilf\u00e6rslu \u00ed ver\u00f0lagi sem Hagstofan r\u00e9ttilega m\u00e6lir sem ver\u00f0b\u00f3lgu.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Aflei\u00f0ingin gr\u00ed\u00f0arleg eignatilf\u00e6rsla \u00ed \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e9laginu fr\u00e1 \u00feeim sem skulda til \u00feeirra sem eiga. \u00deessi eignatilf\u00e6rsla ver\u00f0ur til vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 m\u00e6lum ver\u00f0b\u00f3lgu eins og vi\u00f0 m\u00e6lum hana. \u00deegar engin \u00feensla er, segjumst vi\u00f0 samt vera me\u00f0 ver\u00f0b\u00f3lgu. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Laun eru ekkert a\u00f0 h\u00e6kka, einkaneysla er ekkert a\u00f0 aukast. dVer\u00f0b\u00f3lgan er innflutt fr\u00e1 \u00fatl\u00f6ndum<\/em>. Munu h\u00e1ir vextir l\u00e6kka heimsmarka\u00f0sver\u00f0 \u00e1 ol\u00edu? L\u00e6kka skuldir r\u00edkis og sveitarf\u00e9laga? L\u00e6kka \u00fej\u00f3nustugj\u00f6ld opinberra a\u00f0ila? Svari\u00f0 er au\u00f0vita\u00f0 nei. \u00dea\u00f0 er galin hugmynd a\u00f0 \u00e6tlast til \u00feess a\u00f0 st\u00fdrivextir \u00e1 \u00cdslandi muni hvetja AEG til a\u00f0 l\u00e6kka ver\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00fevottav\u00e9lum.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00cd \u00feessu \u00e1standi horfi \u00e9g \u00e1 ver\u00f0trygg\u00f0a h\u00fasn\u00e6\u00f0isl\u00e1ni\u00f0 mitt vera komi\u00f0 \u00ed 157% af ver\u00f0i \u00edb\u00fa\u00f0arinnar.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Hverjir gr\u00e6\u00f0a og tapa \u00e1 \u00feessu \u00e1standi?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Vi\u00f0 sem skuldum ver\u00f0tryggt t\u00f6pum. Eignir okkar f\u00e6rast til \u00feeirra sem eiga ver\u00f0tryggt fj\u00e1rmagn. H\u00e9r \u00e1 landi hefur or\u00f0i\u00f0 gr\u00ed\u00f0arleg eignatilf\u00e6rsla fr\u00e1 skuldurum til fj\u00e1rmagnseigenda. \u00deessi tilf\u00e6rsla kemur einna verst vi\u00f0 okkur sem keypt h\u00f6fum h\u00fasn\u00e6\u00f0i \u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0astli\u00f0num 5 \u00e1rum. S\u00e9rstaklega er sta\u00f0an sl\u00e6m hj\u00e1 f\u00f3lki sem keypti fasteign fyrir 2-3 \u00e1rum. Helstu eigendur ver\u00f0trygg\u00f0ra eigna eru l\u00edfeyrissj\u00f3\u00f0irnir. \u00deeir fitna n\u00fa eins og p\u00fakinn \u00e1 fj\u00f3sabitanum.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

En er ekki bara gott a\u00f0 l\u00edfeyrissj\u00f3\u00f0irnir fitni? Eigum vi\u00f0 ekki \u00f6ll l\u00edfeyrissj\u00f3\u00f0ina?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00deessi klisja er ein s\u00fa hin mest ofnota\u00f0a \u00ed umr\u00e6\u00f0unni \u00e1 \u00cdslandi. F\u00f3lk sem n\u00fdkomi\u00f0 er \u00fat \u00e1 vinnumarka\u00f0inn \u00e1 \u00ed raun ekkert \u00ed l\u00edfeyrissj\u00f3\u00f0unum, heldur \u00feeir sem mestar hafa haft tekjurnar. H\u00e9r er l\u00f6g\u00f0 s\u00fa krafa \u00e1 ungt vinnandi f\u00f3lk a\u00f0 ekki a\u00f0eins beri \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 grei\u00f0a \u00ed l\u00edfeyrissj\u00f3\u00f0i til a\u00f0 standa undir l\u00edfeyrisgrei\u00f0slum til hinna eldri og r\u00edkari, heldur er gert eignarn\u00e1 \u00ed h\u00fasn\u00e6\u00f0i \u00feess svo unnt s\u00e9 a\u00f0 flytja meira f\u00e9 til \u00feeirra sem eiga miki\u00f0. Ver\u00f0tryggingin felur \u00feennan vanda og vi\u00f0 t\u00f6kum varla eftir \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00e1 hverjum degi t\u00f6pum vi\u00f0. \u00c1 endanum t\u00f6pum vi\u00f0 aleigunni. \u00dea\u00f0 er vi\u00f0 \u00feessar a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0ur\u00a0sem ungt f\u00f3lk \u00e1 \u00cdslandi \u00e1kve\u00f0ur hvort \u00fea\u00f0 muni flytja aftur heim e\u00f0a flytja \u00fat.<\/em><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00dea\u00f0 m\u00e1 vera a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 vinstristj\u00f3rn vi\u00f0 v\u00f6ld. En fj\u00e1rmagnseigendur r\u00e1\u00f0a \u00f6llu sem fyrr.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

– E.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Um daginn var \u00e9g a\u00f0 r\u00fdna \u00ed grei\u00f0sluse\u00f0ilinn af \u00edb\u00fa\u00f0al\u00e1ninu m\u00ednu og rak \u00fe\u00e1 augun \u00ed a\u00f0 l\u00e1ni\u00f0 haf\u00f0i l\u00e6kka\u00f0 vegna ver\u00f0hj\u00f6\u00f0nunar. Einhvern veginn haf\u00f0i ma\u00f0ur \u00edmynda\u00f0 s\u00e9r a\u00f0 ver\u00f0hj\u00f6\u00f0nun v\u00e6ri bara til \u00ed \u00e6vint\u00fdrunum – en vissulega getur \u00feessi sta\u00f0a komi\u00f0 upp og ver\u00f0tryggingin \u00fev\u00ed komi\u00f0 til l\u00e6kkunar l\u00e1na… \u00fe\u00f3tt \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 kl\u00e1rlega f\u00e1g\u00e6tt … Halda \u00e1fram a\u00f0 lesa: Eignatilf\u00e6rslan mikla<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4000","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/truflun.net\/stefan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4000","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/truflun.net\/stefan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/truflun.net\/stefan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/truflun.net\/stefan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/truflun.net\/stefan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4000"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/truflun.net\/stefan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4000\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/truflun.net\/stefan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4000"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/truflun.net\/stefan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4000"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/truflun.net\/stefan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4000"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}